When the United States was created, established Native American tribes were generally considered semi-independent nations, as they generally lived in communities separate from white settlers. are Alaska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, South Dakota, Montana, and North Dakota. The states with the highest percentage of Native Americans in the U.S. Today, there are over five million Native Americans in the United States, 78% of whom live outside reservations. Since the 1960s, Native American self-determination movements have resulted in positive changes to the lives of many Native Americans, though there are still many contemporary issues faced by them. After its formation, the United States, as part of its policy of settler colonialism, continued to wage war and perpetrated massacres against many Native American peoples, removed them from their ancestral lands, and subjected them to one-sided treaties and to discriminatory government policies, later focused on forced assimilation, into the 20th century. The US Census groups these peoples as " Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders".Įuropean colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, resulted in a precipitous decline in Native American population because of new diseases (including weaponized diseases and biological warfare by European colonizers ), wars, ethnic cleansing, and enslavement. Indigenous peoples of the United States who are not listed as American Indian or Alaska Native include Native Hawaiians, Samoan Americans, and Chamorros. As defined by the United States Census, "Native Americans" are Indigenous tribes that are originally from the contiguous United States including Alaska Natives. There are 574 federally recognized tribes living within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations. ![]() Native Americans, also known as American Indians (or simply Indians), First Americans, Indigenous Americans, and other terms, are the Indigenous peoples of the contiguous United States and Alaska ( Indigenous peoples of Hawaii and territories of the United States are usually known by other terms). ![]() Comanche Indians Chasing Buffalo with Lances and Bows, by George Catlin
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